computers used to be really big but got progressively smarter
computers send and receive data
computers understand electrons represented by numbers "talk number"
we have to translate our information into numbers and packets
packets: small amount of data sent over a network
- packet includes source and destination
creation of computer systems
- computer systems are groups of computing devices and programs working together for a joint purpose
computer network is a group of computing devices that send and receive data
router helps with packet switching (guides message from sender to receiver)
- Packet: message that is broken up into packets and sent in any order
bandwidth: maximum amount of data that can be sent in an amount of time(bits per second)
- the more data the slower it might take to get from sender to receiver (like traffic)

computer protocol (rules of the road)
computer protocol models
- OSI
- TCP
  - layers you have to go through to communicate (7 layers of protocol)
layer 1: Network Acess layer
- ex. wifi card
- deliver packets from one network interface card (NIC) to another aka "hop"
layer 2: Internet Layer Data Transmission
- a packet contains data that is being transimitted and metadata(information for routing messages)
- one device with a certain IP address is sending a message on on that path, they run into routers that help guide them to the IP address of the other device the message is trying to reach
layer 3: Transport Layer
- TCP slower but reliable
- UDP faster but does not guarantee transfers
- computer is sending IP addresses through bits
layer 4: Application Layer
- DNS (domain name service), human language to IP address
- web servers are programs running on machines connected to internet
- www (world wide web) is a network of linked programs and data running over the internet
http is a protocol used by world wide web
routes are flexible
world wide web is not the internet